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Collema ( jelly lichen) is a genus of in the family Collemataceae. The photobiont is the cyanobacterium genus Nostoc.Dobson, F.S. (2000) Lichens, an illustrated guide to the British and Irish species. 4th edition. Richmond publishing Co., Slough, England. Species in this genus typically grow on nutrient-rich bark or somewhat siliceous or calcareous rocks in humid environments.
Both upper and lower are absent in Collema, and the photobiont Nostoc forms chains of cells throughout the thallus without creating a separate . Isidia can be present or absent, while soredia are not found in this genus. The reproductive structures, known as apothecia, have a pale brown to red-brown that can be flat or convex. The is whole and sometimes displays isidia.
The consists of cells that can be either uniformly sized or elongated. The is indistinct and can be colourless or pigmented, while the hymenium is colorless and turns blue when treated with iodine. A more or less colourless is also present. The comprises paraphyses that separate in a solution of potassium hydroxide and may be unbranched or branched, often connecting near their tips, which can be club-shaped or round and exhibit a yellowish to reddish-brown hue.
The ascus are club-shaped (clavate) with a strongly thickened apex, and both the and the downwardly projecting annulus and apical cap react blue to iodine. Each ascus produces eight spores that are narrowly to spindle-shaped or nearly cylindrical with transverse septum. , or , are immersed within the thallus and can be located on the margins or lamina with a pale ostiole. The are rod-shaped with a slightly enlarged apex. No have been detected in Collema using thin-layer chromatography.
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